Do you know what a galvanometer is or what is a galvanometer and if not, then today’s article can be very useful to you. Have you ever wondered how a utility company finds out how much electric power we have in our home?

The answer is with the help of an electric meter. This galvanometer is also a kind of electron instrument that is used to detect the presence, direction and strength of electric current in a conductor.

When an electric current passes through a conductor, the magnetic needle automatically begins to rotate at a right angle to the conductor so that its direction is parallel to the inductance lines around the conductor and its north pole points. In the direction where the induction flow lines are. A galvanometer is a type of ammeter.

It is an instrument used to detect and measure electric current. That is why today I thought why you should not be given complete information about the galvanometer and what is measured with the galvanometer, so that the next time you do not need to ask anyone else about it. So let’s get started without delay and find out that after all this what is a galvanometer and

What is a galvanometer?

A moving coil galvanometer (voltage) is a type of electromagnetic device that can measure small values ​​of current.

It consists of components such as a permanent horseshoe magnet, a coil, a soft iron core, an axial spring, a non-metallic frame, a gauge, and a pointer.

Galvanometer principle

A torque acts on a current-carrying coil if it is suspended over a uniform magnetic field.

For this reason, this coil starts to rotate. So we can say that the deflection of the coil in a moving coil galvanometer is directly proportional to the current flow in that coil.

Understood in another way, this is the principle of a potentiometer which, when a current supporting coil is placed between a magnetic field, is subjected to a torque.

Definition of galvanometer

It consists of a rectangular coil with a number of turns in a thin insulated copper wire that is wound into a light metal frame.

A file is suspended between the two horseshoe segments. Phosphor – bronze bar by movable torsion head. Winding The lower end of a hairspring (made of phosphor bronze) is connected to the lower end of which has only a few turns.

While the other end of the spring is attached to a binding screw.

A smooth iron cylinder is symmetrically placed inside the coil. These hemispherical magnetic poles produce a radial magnetic field in which the plane of the coil is parallel to the magnetic field at all positions.

A small flat mirror is attached to the suspension wire used with the lamp and also the gauge is arranged so that the deflection of the coil can be measured.

What are the main components of a galvanometer?

So you are a galvanometer . The main components to know are the moving coil, suspension, torsion head and permanent magnet. Let’s know about them in detail.

Moving Coil – This moving coil is the current carrying part of the galvanometer. It is either rectangular or round and has a number of turns of fine copper wire. In this, the coil moves freely between the poles of the permanent magnet in the middle of the vertical symmetry axis. In this, this iron core provides a low resistance flux path and thus provides a strong magnetic field to move it within the coil.

Suspension – In this the coil is suspended from a flat bar that carries current up to the coil. On the other hand, the other current-carrying coil is a lowered suspension whose torque effect is minimal. This top hanging coil is made of gold or copper wire in the shape of a ribbon. The mechanical strength of the wire is not that strong, and therefore galvanometers must be handled carefully without any jerks.

Mirror – This pendant holds a small mirror that casts a beam of light. This ray of light is placed in the scale in which the deflection is measured.

Torsion head – This torsion head is used to control the position of the coil and adjust the zero setting.

What is the sensitivity of a moving coil galvanometer?

The sensitivity of a moving coil galvanometer is defined as the ratio of two things, the first is the change in deflection of the galvanometer and the second is the change in current. So we can write, Sensitivity = dθ / de.

If the galvanometer produces a large deflection of a small amount of current, it is said to be sensitive.

The current of the galvanometer is called the moving coil: I = (C / nBA) x
therefore, = (nBA / C) x I.

If we differentiate both ends by I, then we have: dθ / d = (nBA / C) and
the sensitivity of the moving coil galvanometer increases when:

• number. The number of turns and coil space are increased.
• When did magnetic induction rise?
• When a couple decreases per unit twist of suspension fibers.

Types of galvanometer

Tell us about the different types of galvanometers:-

• moving coil
• hanging file
• galvanometer shade
• Galvanometer condition

What is measured in galvanometers?

Let’s try to get acquainted with the applications of the galvanometer.

• They are used to find the direction of current flow in a circuit.
• It is also used to identify the empty point of a circle. An empty point is called the state in which no current flows through any circuit.
• It is also used to measure current.
• Also to find out the voltage between two points in the circuit a galvanometer is used.

Advantages of galvanometer

• The sensitivity increases as the value of n, B and A increases and at the same time the value of k decreases.
• The eddy currents created in this frame cause the coil to stabilize soon, as the coil is wound over the metal frame.

Disadvantages of galvanometer

• Its sensitivity cannot be changed according to itself.
• Overloading Because of this, any type of galvanometer can damage it.

What is the difference between a galvanometer and an ammeter?

Let us know about the difference between galvanometer and ammeter:-

1. A galvanometer is a mechanical device used to find out the magnitude and direction of current, while an ammeter is an electrical device, which is used to measure the magnitude of current.

2. This galvanometer is used to find the direction of the current, while the ammeter is used to measure the amount of current.

3. A magnetic field is used to operate the galvanometer while no magnetic field is needed to operate the ammeter.

4. The accuracy of the galvanometer is lower than that of the ammeter.

5. Galvanometer is used to measure direct current only, while ammeter is used to measure both direct and alternating current,

6. Galvanometer is more sensitive compared to ammeter .

7. The galvanometer is mostly used in the bridge and the zero current potentiometer you find outside

Whereas the ammeter is directly connected to a series circuit whose volume is measured.

What did you learn today

I hope you liked my article What is a Galvanometer You must have liked it. I have always been trying to provide complete information about the principle of the galvanometer to my readers, so that they do not have to search other sites or the Internet in the context of that article.

This will also save their time and they will also have all the information in one place. If you have any doubts about this article or if you want there to be some improvement in it, you can write low comments on it.

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